By William J. Hardcastle, Nigel Hewlett
Coarticulation ability the overlapping gestures that happen in the course of the pronunciation of any series of speech sounds. This subject within the technological know-how of phonetics presents a problem to speech creation concept in addition to to numerous tasks within the box of speech expertise, together with that of creating a average sounding speech synthesizer. The eighteen chapters during this publication disguise the experimental concepts used for investigating the phenomenon, the experimental findings up to now, and the theoretical historical past.
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Additional info for Coarticulation: Theory, Data and Techniques
Example text
1 (from Moon and Lindblom 1994). Duration on the abscissa represents the duration of the input force; displacement on the ordinate represents the excursion of the articulator movement, high displacement means a small amount of target undershoot. 1 The revised model of vowel undershoot of Moon and Lindblom (1994). Movement displacement (ordinate) is a function of input force duration (abscissa) and can increase or decrease as a function of input force (top panel) and stiffness of the system (bottom panel).
Be seen that displacement is positively related to duration but can increase or decrease as a function of the amount of input force (top panel) or system stiffness (bottom panel). An explanatory model of vowel-to-consonant coarticulation In the parametric model of Lindblom, Pauli and Sundberg (1975) it is shown that V-to-C coarticulation results from a low-cost production strategy. The model is based on the analysis of VCV symmetric sequences with dental or retroflex apical stops, and vowels /i/or /o/.
A statistical case study by Forrest, Weismer and Adams (1990) shows clearly that care has to be taken in generalizing results from a small number of speakers. On the other hand, the high variability found in the data makes it difficult to differentiate between effects which should be considered as being idiosyncratic and effects which simply reflect the allowed range of variation for the phenomenon. For example, while, from a classical point of view, the outcome of Lubker and Gay’s study (1982) could be considered as representing two fundamentally different organizational strategies for integrating segments, the refined experiment by Perkell and Matthies (1992) rather suggests that the various forces are present at any moment in time for any speaker.
