Encyclopedia of information systems, by Hossein Bidgoli

By Hossein Bidgoli

The Encyclopedia of knowledge structures offers crucial solutions to questions more and more requested via humans in all walks of existence. humans can now not declare that information regarding desktop viruses, for instance, is unimportant to their paintings, or that advances in speech attractiveness and encryption will depart them unaffected. The Encyclopedia is as a result extra worthwhile than one may well suspect to humans well past the partitions of knowledge structures departments. supplying either basic and technical information regarding significant parts, matters, evaluations, and key reviews, in addition to cross-references to similar matters, it captures the dynamic development and complexity designated to our period. Key positive aspects * deals the one significant encyclopedic exam of knowledge platforms; there aren't any rivals * Articles commence with simply comprehensible strategies and develop into more and more refined, pleasant the desires of all readers * Articles emphasize info that may not quick exit of date * every one article comprises an ordinary of eight graphs and eight tables illustrating its details * comprises nearly 220 separate articles, all unique contributions commissioned for this paintings * contains nearly seven-hundred figures and tables in the textual content; greater than 2,000 thesaurus entries clarify keywords, "further examining" lists look on the finish of every access, and an intensive cross-referencing process hyperlinks comparable articles

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I. NON-IT SECURITY ISSUES The security issues covered in this section are not implemented through technology. They focus on policies, which once implemented and adhered to should result in best practices. A. Physical Security The physical security of the system being protected is as important as any security technology that may be used on the system. Physical security entails properly securing a system’s physical surroundings to mitigate the risk of unauthorized physical access. Unauthorized physical access can lead to the modification, disclosure, destruction, or theft of an asset.

Uniform-Cost Search If all edges do not have the same cost, then breadthfirst search generalizes to uniform-cost search. Instead of expanding nodes in order of their depth from the root, uniform-cost search expands nodes in order of their cost from the root. At each step, the next node n to be expanded is one whose cost g(n) is lowest, where g(n) is the sum of the edge costs from the root to node n. The nodes are stored in a priority queue. This algorithm is also known as Dijkstra’s single-source shortest-path algorithm.

For example, since airline distance never overestimates actual highway distance, and Manhattan distance never overestimates actual moves in the sliding-tile puzzles, A* using these evaluation functions will find optimal solutions to these problems. In addition, A* makes the most efficient use of a given heuristic function in the following sense: Among all shortest-path algorithms using a given heuristic function h(n), A* expands the fewest number of nodes. The main drawback of A*, and indeed of any bestfirst search, is its memory requirement.

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Encyclopedia of information systems, by Hossein Bidgoli
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