By M. Metzler
The sector of endocrine disruption or endocrine energetic compounds (EACs), that's simply rising and nonetheless debatable, is comprehensively lined by means of prime specialists in quantity three, Subvolumes L (Part I) and M (the current quantity, half II). the most important periods of endocrine energetic chemical substances are mentioned, in addition to tools for his or her detection and their organization with future health disturbances in people and natural world. The etiology of a number of of the human ailments linked to endocrine disruptors, e.g. breast and prostate melanoma, lowered fertility and malformations, remains to be poorly understood, and the present country of information is gifted. considering hormonally lively brokers seem to have the potential for either adversarial and valuable results, the proof of future health advantages linked to endocrine energetic compounds in people is usually awarded. uncomplicated chapters at the mode of motion of EACs and at the etiology of the linked illnesses facilitate the knowledge of this complicated topic for non-medical readers.
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Example text
Ellis and Nyberg [144] compared serum testosterone levels in non-Hispanic white US Army Vietnam veterans with those in African American, Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander, and Native American veterans. The serum testosterone levels in the African American men were significantly higher than those in the nonHispanic white men, but the differences among the other groups were not significant. 5%). Wu et al. 2% of whom were 60 years old or younger. Serum levels of total testosterone were 9–11% (significant) higher in Asian-Americans than in Caucasians, and they were intermediate and not different from the two other groups in African-Americans.
Lunn et al. 38. 52. The frequency differences between the Asians and the American groups were statistically significant, and are possibly related with the low prostate cancer risk in Asian men. The human HSD3B2 gene, which is located on chromosome 1p13 and encodes for type II 3b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (an enzyme that catabolizes DHT and is expressed in the adrenals and testes), contains several complex dinucleotide polymorphisms [152]. Devgan et al. [154] reported that the frequency of HSD3B2 alleles differs among ethnic groups.
3 Critical Interpretation of the Studies The results of the studies summarized above do not provide unequivocal or strong evidence for any particular association between prostate cancer risk and hormone exposure (circulating levels of hormones) or polymorphisms in genes that encode for proteins involved in steroid hormone action or metabolism. The only associations with prostate cancer risk that have been observed consistently in at least three studies are slightly higher circulating testosterone and estrogen levels in high risk African American men as compared with lower risk European American men and a functional polymorphism in the androgen receptor gene; however, these associations are weak at best and mostly not statistically significant.
