By Fenyvesi, Éva; Gruiz, Katalin; Meggyes, Tamás
This is the 1st quantity of the five-volume booklet sequence “Engineering instruments for Environmental threat Management”, facing the next topics:
• varieties and administration of environmental deterioration, quite pollution;
• environmental toxicology as a flexible device in tracking and possibility management;
• chance evaluation of chemicals and infected land;
• hazard relief measures, concentrating on bio- and ecotechnologies;
• case reviews demonstrating the interplay among legislation, administration and engineering and the person program of engineering tools.
The publication sequence makes a speciality of the kingdom of data about the atmosphere and its unsleeping and based program in environmental engineering, administration, selection making and laws. this primary quantity presents an summary of the habit and serve as of the fit surroundings and the capability of the atmosphere to serve mankind and to atone for antagonistic alterations. The best factors of those adjustments are construction and use of chemical compounds, deserted and infected land, extensive agriculture, mining and the complicated challenge of waste.
The first quantity establishes the basis of the holistic technique utilized in a innovative environmental safety by:
• notable a stability among nature’s wishes and engineering capabilities;
• realizing the interplay among legislation, administration and engineering;
• utilising novel applied sciences and cutting edge scientifi c and engineering tools.
The aggregated details and data disseminated during this quantity offers a huge viewpoint for engineers to regulate their instruments to the easiest administration practices and for managers and selection makers to fi nd synergy among their targets and current engineering solutions.
This publication sequence specializes in the nation of information in regards to the setting and its unsleeping and dependent software in environmental engineering, administration and choice making.
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Extra info for Environmental deterioration and contamination - problems and their management
Sample text
Even food chains are possible, based on the primary production of chemolithotrophic bacteria living in the special spongy tissue of tubeworms (tubeworms’ hemoglobin is able to transport both oxygen and hydrogen sulfide. Hydrogen sulfide is oxidized by the symbiotic bacteria to produce energy. Organic matter is synthesized by the bacteria from CO2 and utilized by the worm). More extreme forms of life can be found in rather unusual habitats. The latest surprise was the arsenic bacterium, a new species found in Mono Lake, California.
The definition of an ecosystem as a community of living organisms interacting with its nonliving environment can be applied for urban ecosystems and helps to understand that cities are not separate from nature. There are research projects on this topic from the future vision of eco-cities with regenerative buildings (WBDG, 2013) through the Global Ecovillage Network (GEN, 2013) of sustainable communities or the United Nations University’s course on Sustainable Urban Futures (UN-SUF, 2013) to the scientific description of the differences in the biodiversity of soil and urban soil (Vilisics & Hornung, 2009).
Once the contaminant has entered the environment, risk management is less efficient and costs more. If the spatial scale of the use and emission is larger, the task is more and more difficult with increasing uncertainties and decreasing efficiency. The adequate use of agricultural nutrients needs calculation, planning, and careful application, but the cleanup or remediation of a catchment such as Lake Balaton in Hungary, takes years and incurs tremendous expenditures. Strengthening the dam needs some effort and money, but it cannot be compared to the costs of the cleanup after a breach/accident, such as the cyanide spill in 2001 in Baia Mare (Romania) or the red-mud flood in 2010 in Ajka (Hungary).
