Environmental hazards: toxic waste and hazardous material : by Eugene Willard Miller, Ruby M. Miller

By Eugene Willard Miller, Ruby M. Miller

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The Division of Plant and Tree Disease expressed confidence that the gypsy moth could be eradicated. It was recommended that the USDA, in conjunction with four northeastern states, aerially spray three million acres of infested forest with a mixture of DDT suspended in oil. Such a broad-based approach would be more effective and cheaper than the traditional method of spraying individual trees. Elected officials in affected states gave enthusiastic support, and in April 1957 planes sprayed wide swatches of land.

Little advance notice had been given to the inhabitants, for the USDA felt no harm could be done to humans by the chemicals. On May 8, however, a group of Long Island residents led by Robert Cushman Murphy, the noted ornithologist, petitioned the New York Federal District Court to stop the USDA spraying. The enjoinder claimed that the DDT mixture in use was far too heavy for the intended purpose, and that the planes used for spraying violated aviation guidelines by flying too low and during high winds.

In 1970 the administration of the federal pesticide law was transferred from the Department of Agriculture to the newly created Environmental Protection Agency. In 1972 Congress passed the Federal Pesticide Act, with amendments in 1975, 1978, and 1980. The new law and later amendments refocused emphasis on the safety of pesticides and on making the registration process for chemical pesticides more Page 16 rigorous through tests that would reveal their potential to cause cancer, birth defects, and genetic mutations.

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Environmental hazards: toxic waste and hazardous material : by Eugene Willard Miller, Ruby M. Miller
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