By Robert B Kaplan
Reviewing the sector of language coverage and making plans, this article units out present perform and methods of pondering language coverage and making plans, technique and the main components of schooling, literacy and economics. Case experiences of key language making plans and coverage matters are incorporated.
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Extra resources for Language Planning: From Practice to Theory (Multilingual Matters)
Example text
B. In nations like the United States, Canada or Australia, there is a substantial population of speakers of vernacular (or indigenous or aboriginal) languages—Native American Languages (e. g. g. Miriwoong, Yorta Yorta, Guugu Yimithirr). In more recent times, these languages have been recognised as having legitimacy and may be taught in the educational system to individuals who are participants in those cultures, though it would not be common to teach those languages to speakers of the 'majority language'.
The choice of a language(s) ideally should result in the smallest possible disruption to the social structure, yet at the same time the decision should not isolate the polity from the outside world. Various criteria for selecting a language have been proposed and include such things as political neutrality, dominance, prestige, a great tradition and areal affinity (Kale, 1990: 185-6). However, one must be aware that such criteria are themselves value laden, and cannot all be weighted equally. For example, if a polity is at the point of making a language-choice decision and is also concerned about modernisation, an exogenous language may be a feasible alternative.
CE (a nativised variety, to use Kachru's term) is the least prestigious of the available varieties but it is spoken by the largest segment of the population. AmE is probably the second most prestigious variety one which is rapidly growing in number of speakers. As BE is declining with the departure of large segments of the British professional civil service, the number of speakers of AmE is increasing. As early as 1986, the number of speakers of AmE in Hong Kong exceeded the number of speakers of BE.
