By M. A. Mohamed Salih (auth.), M. A. Mohamed Salih (eds.)
The association for Social technology study in jap and Southern Africa (OSSREA) is a community of social scientists within the sub-region tested in 1980. Its major targets are to inspire and advertise curiosity; to interact in collaborative learn; to facilitate scholarly trade of principles and book among participants and associations engaged within the learn and study within the social sciences. OSSREA additionally goals to advertise the learning of social scientists from the sub-region within the examine of and examine within the social sciences and to motivate institution of associations devoted to this objective. In pursuance of and in line with its targets, OSSREA demonstrated a fund to supply study can provide and coaching fellowships to social scientists from the sub-region. each year OSSREA bargains, on a aggressive foundation, constrained sorts of examine offers: the 1st on themes concerning the social sciences regularly and the second one on gender matters specifically. The offers help the social scientists to behavior box examine in an japanese or southern African nation, society, associations, region, or challenge region. The ambitions of the social technological know-how festival are meant to motivate and advertise upcoming students from the sub-region to behavior learn within the social, monetary, political or different difficulties. furthermore, it goals to reinforce and lift the skill of school participants and scholars in box learn, and advertise the next availability of analysis fmdings for instructing in addition to to notify contributors and institutions.
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Planners' targets are rarely met: the overall productivity of water is much lower than might be expected. The surface-water delivery system and the patterns of distribution are often extremely inequitable, with farmers in the head-reaches receiving more than those at the tail. Planning and design processes tend to be dominated by technical experts especially engineers, with economists called to calculate the costs and benefits of what is technically but not socially or environmentally feasible.
A macro survey was also conducted using field observations and secondary sources of data. Environmental and health problems identified are presented at these two levels. The size of families was found to be fairly high, the majority counting more than 6 persons per family in the two NIB schemes studied. It was found that 60% and 58% had more than 8 persons per family in Mwea and West Kano schemes respectively. The problem associated with this situation is that the original number of people settled has increased more than fourfold.
Cholera: Cholera was also mentioned as common water borne disease. Official records showed that there had been at least an outbreak of cholera in some villages. Because of poor sanitary systems and congestion in villages added to poor quality drinking water, the spread of cholera was noted to be rapid in the villages where there had been an outbreak. Others: Other common diseases mentioned were: Hepatitis, which is transmitted through ingestion of contaminated water; bronchial pneumonia and cardiac failure.
