By James P. Ray (auth.), Mark Reed, Ståle Johnsen (eds.)
This quantity constitutes the court cases of the Produced Water Seminar held in Trondheim, Norway, in September 1995. Hosted via Statoil study and improvement and IKU Petroleum examine, the seminar was once an replace of the 1992 seminar of an identical identify held in San Diego, California (Ray and Engelhardt, 1992). Produced water is still the most important quantity waste move from oil and gasoline construction offshore. within the North and Norwegian Seas, produced water volumes are projected to extend considerably over the arriving many years, as oil reservoirs close to depletion. those releases are accordingly the focal point of constant environmental problem. the aim of this seminar used to be to supply a discussion board for scientists, legislators, and business and environmental representatives to proportion fresh details and learn effects, and to inspire cooperative pursuit of ideas sooner or later. The good fortune of the seminar, and the standard of this quantity, are due largely to the various authors from all over the world who awarded virtually 50 posters and papers all in favour of environmental matters and mitigation applied sciences. additionally, we want to recognize the contributions of the neighborhood and overseas organizing committees. neighborhood Committee Asbj0fg 0verli and Heidi Torp, Statoil Egil Wanvik and Laila S. Olden, IKU Petroleum learn overseas Committee James P. Ray, Shell Chemical and Petroleum items businesses Alexis E. Steen, American Petroleum Institute Theodor C. Sauer, Battelle Ocean Sciences Steven A. Flynn, British Petroleum Martin C. Th. Scholten, TNO Kjell Lohne, Statoil Ingvild Martinsen, Norwegian toxins keep watch over Authority.
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K .. P.. E, 1992. Environmental aspects of produced water discharges from oil and gas production on the Dutch Continental Shelf. Part 3: Environmental effects, NOGEPA, The Hague, ISBN 90-5192021-0. , Bennet. D .. , Holt. S .. Lynes. A.. Malieu. A .. McCourt, B .. Parker. B .. J.. and Wilkinson. G .. 1987. , Mar. Poll. • 16,10,549. Spies. B .. 1987. The biological effects of petroleum hydrocarbons in the sea: assessments from the field and microcosmos. in: Long term environmental effects of offshore oil and gas development.
36 A. Wiedeman Treatment of the produced water prior to injection is usually necessary, and such treatment often includes removal of oil and suspended matter by BPT oil separation technology followed by filtration technology. The removal of suspended matter prior to injection is required to prevent pressure build-up and plugging of the receiving formation and/or to protect injection pumps from damage. Simple cartridge filtration was found to be commonly used among coastal operators as a pretreatment technology prior to injection, thus, it is included as part of the basis for the injection technology option for coastal operations.
Technological/ Environmental Issues and Solutions. C. , 1984, Ecological effects of produced water discharges from offshore oil and gas production platforms. Final report on API Project no. C. F. N. (eds), Long-term environmental effects of offshore oil and gas development, Elsevier, London. Nordic Council (1989), Northern Europe's seas, northern Europe's environment, Report to the Nordic Council's International Conference on the pollution of the Seas, ISBN 91-38-12246-4. NSTF, North Sea Task Force, 1993, North Sea Assessment Report, subregion 1 and 7a, State Pollution Control Authority (SFT), Norway.
