By Oddbjørn Knutsen (auth.)
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Additional resources for Social Structure and Party Choice in Western Europe: A Comparative Longitudinal Study
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In the Netherlands there were several Christian parties with anchorage in the various religious denominations until the late 1970s: Party Choice and Social Structure 17 the Christian Historical Union (CHU), the Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP) and the Catholic People’s Party (KVP). These parties merged to form the Christian Democratic Appeal in 1977–80. The various Christian parties are considered as one party in most of the analysis, even in the 1970s when they were separate parties. For part of the analysis, the various components of the CDA will be analysed separately.
Conflicts over church/state control, the legislation of mandatory state education and disestablishment of state religion occurred across the face of Europe. These conflicts often were intense, as in the Kulturkämpfe in Germany and Switzerland. In reaction to these liberal attacks, new religious political parties formed in Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Austria, Italy and Belgium. These parties ranged from the Calvinist AntiRevolutionary Party in the Netherlands (named in reaction to the French Revolution) to the Vatican-allied Catholic Partito Populare in Italy 43 44 Social Structure and Party Choice in Western Europe (Dalton 1990: 66–7).
6, six for each country, one for each time period in each country. This requires a somewhat more lengthy and detailed presentation in the text than if the tables had been presented. We go on with analysing the impact of the cleavage variable on the socialist/non-socialist party division. 6 above. We start with the cleavages that emerged from the national–religious revolution according to Lipset and Rokkan, the two faces of the religious cleavage, religions denomination (Chapter 2) and church religiosity (Chapter 3), and then focus upon urban–rural contrasts (Chapter 4).
