The Ecology of Agroecosystems by John H. Vandermeer

By John H. Vandermeer

Agroecology is the technological know-how of employing ecological thoughts and ideas to the layout, improvement, and administration of sustainable agricultural platforms. The Ecology of Agroecosystems highlights a suite of other agricultural methodologies and philosophies and offers an interdisciplinary procedure that bridges the sociopolitical and historic context of agriculture. It contains the technical concerns in a major and ecological style and captures the complicated merging of ecology, agriculture, politics and economics in either a historic and modern context. Readers will examine not just concerning the moral and ethical parts regarding generating nutrients of questionable caliber whereas almost certainly impairing the surroundings, but additionally in regards to the soil chemistry concerned.

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If a certain number of people are needed to maintain the agricultural technology and that number is not available, there will be a tendency to try and increase the population, either by having more children or by convincing relatives to help with the work or extending the work day (which increases the person/hours and thus effectively the population size). This dynamic, like the response to a food shortage, is the opposite of what we expect in all other organisms. Let us consider a numerical example.

Consider the historical record since WWII. The Great Depression that was a contributor to the development of the war was itself resolved by a new economic model (although the war itself played a big part also). John Maynard Keynes perceptively acknowledged that the raw fibers of the idealized free-market capitalist system would normally lead to problems because of the internal contradictions in the system long ago noted by other economists, most notably Ricardo and Marx. QXP 22 ■ 12/4/09 Chapter 1 5:59 PM Page 22 Three Vignettes: Setting the Stage acknowledge what Adam Smith had already built into his generalizations—that social controls over such things as excessive exploitation of one sector of humanity by another were necessary backdrops to the efficient functioning of the idealized market system.

This dynamic, like the response to a food shortage, is the opposite of what we expect in all other organisms. Let us consider a numerical example. Kung gatherers, with a population of 100 people. To maintain their gathering lifestyle, let us suppose that they would need a minimum of 90 people and that with their gathering activities they could support 110 people. Thus, with a population of 100, they are just about right (more than the needed 90 and less than the maximum supportable of 110). As with almost all cases of hunters and gatherers, they know about agriculture.

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The Ecology of Agroecosystems by John H. Vandermeer
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