By Ralph W. Richardson
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Additional resources for The Hudson River Basin. Environmental Problems and Institutional Response
Example text
The objective must be to move beyond generalities to substantive commitments. It may be possible to devise regulatory institutions and processes that will preserve environmental values by channeling, rather than throttling, development. The Adirondack Park Agency, for example, is currently attempting to fulfill this role for the entire Park area. The price of such a strategy, however, may well be substantial loss of local autonomy and individual freedom with respect to land use—a third major value that must also be taken into account.
Will prohibited discharges find their way into the environment through increased air pollution or solid waste? Is this the most efficient, or least expensive solution to water pollution, or are there better alternatives? The usual difficulty with "blanket" prohibition is that it is all-inclusive and general, and thus may be more costly than society needs or is willing to bear. Regulation Perhaps the most widely used technique of policy implementation in the United States is the system of regulation and enforcement.
Restrictions of development on critical water-related lands such as wetlands, groundwater recharge areas, riparian properties, and steep tributary slopes 5. Restrictions of highways, railroad tracks, and bridges that cut access to the river, disrespect its function as a natural barrier, and spur unregulated development in its vicinity 6. Restrictions on power-transmission-line crossings in areas where they constitute major conflicts with aesthetic and social values 7. Performance standards for controlling nonpoint-source pollution from various types of development or activity on land 8.
