By Alfred Levin
From Preface:
I have started with a learn of the second one Duma for it
was the following that the govt. inaugurated the household
policies unusual to the duma interval. i believe, furthermore, that
the First Duma stands except the others as belong-
ing to the chaotic, lively, interval of the Revolution of
1905. For there have been during this physique virtually no pro-gov-
ernmental forces, or even the mildew of liberal proposal
was basically progressive. however the First Duma rep-
resents the sunrise of the Russian parliamentary period, and
I wish to provide it fuller remedy than it has obtained the following
where it really is awarded as part of the heritage for this
study, the Revolution of 1905.
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Khairˆı and Khairˆı, Diras . izb a-Shiyuˆ ıˆ al- Iraqˆ P1: KAE 9780521873949c01a CUNY916/Ismael 978 0 521 87394 9 August 27, 2007 The Communist Party of Iraq 24 The Party had apparently disintegrated, but its renewal and revitalization were imminent. Some communist cells had broken away earlier from the main body of the Party and survived the crackdown. 104 Some leading communists, such as ˆ and Zakˆı Khairˆı, were released from prison, at least temporarMahdˆı Hashim ily. In addition, many communists, acting as individuals, had never stopped their political activities and took an active part in the preparation for and exeˆı cution of the coup.
Aidarˆı, his brother Jamal . aidarˆı, H . amˆıd Uthman, 136 ˆ Yunus. The period 1940–1944 witnessed Fahd’s unification of the Party, his increasing public exposure, and a newfound public presence for the ICP. Opposition to Fahd was dismissed as jealousy or personal ambition, and as showing little sophistication in Marxist theory or general political understanding. Fahd’s leadership qualities, charisma, and political commitment were increasingly unasˆ . al-H sailable. alah . aidarˆı, a close Fahd associate, described Fahd as an “exemplary popular leader in his daily conduct as well as in his relationships with other comrades, in addition to his discernment of the issue of his people, and his acumen of Marxism.
The extent of our understanding of socialism does not go beyond your book. . The socialists in France sent us only French publications, which only Iraqis with a knowledge of French can read. [The Iraqi majority] is still thirsty for reading more about socialism in our own language. al’s to introduce scientific socialist thought into the intellectual circles of Iraq. al After the initial five years of thinking out loud in Baghdad’s coffee shops, discussing and learning through the translation of foreign socialist journals and magazines – as I spoke English, French, German, and Turkish and thus had more access to socialist thought – I gathered around me a number of eager, thirsty young critical minds looking for answers to their country’s problems.
