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Additional info for Water Quality Measurements Series: Hydrological and Limnological Aspects of Lake Monitoring
Example text
In temperate regions, groundwater recharge is derived mainly from precipitation less evaporation, where evaporation is defined as including transpiration and interception losses from vegetation. In arid regions, however, Groundwater recharge and processes Evaporation 23 Precipitation 1 Is Infiltration 4 . 1 A conceptual model of the hydrological cycle. where annual potential evaporation exceeds precipitation, groundwater recharge is frequently derived from temporary rivers or lakes that are in flood.
Whenever there is a flow of water between lakes and aquifers, in either direction, there is a relationship between the quality and quantity of water in the two systems. Groundwater flow is defined as flow within the saturated zone. In catchments with more than one aquifer, the base flow component may be subdivided according to the contributing formation. The proportion of direct runoff or base flow may vary substantially from one basin to another and from month to month because of the effect of different soil types, geology, land use, topography, stream patterns and changes in precipitation, evaporation and temperature.
42 1 S . 2 Thermal properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Oxygen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Nutrients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 1 S . 5 Other chemical variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Combination of biological and chemical methods . . . . . . . 7 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 References .
