By American Petroleum Institute
This common covers the gasoline and arc welding of butt, fillet, and socket welds in carbon and low-alloy metal piping utilized in the compression, pumping, and trans-mission of crude petroleum, petroleum pro-ducts, gas gases, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and, the place appropriate, covers welding on distribution platforms. It applies to either new building and in-service welding.This common additionally covers the techniques for radiographic, magnetic particle, liquid penetrant, and ultrasonic trying out, in addition to the popularity criteria to be utilized to construction welds established to destruction or inspected through radiographic, magnetic part-icle, liquid penetrant, ultrasonic, and visible checking out tools.
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Sample text
Note: Parallel ESI indications separated by approximately the width of the root bead (wagon tracks) shall be considered a single indication unless the width of either of them exceeds 1/32 in. 8 mm). In that event, they shall be considered separate indications. b. The aggregate length of ESI indications in any continuous 12 in. (300 mm) length of weld exceeds 2 in. (50 mm). c. The width of an ESI indication exceeds 1/16 in. 6 mm). d. The aggregate length of ISI indications in any continuous 12 in.
The radiographic images of the IQI identifying style number and ASTM set letter or ISO designation shall appear clearly. The image of the essential wire diameter shall appear clearly across the entire area of interest. 1 Film The IQI shall be placed as follows: a. When a complete weld is radiographed in a single exposure using a source inside the piping, at least four IQI placed across the weld and spaced approximately equally around the circumference shall be used. For the DWE/DWV procedure, one IQI shall be placed on the source side of the pipe and across the weld so that the essential wire image is superimposed onto the weld images.
4 Type of Image Quality Indicators (IQI) Image quality indicators (IQI) shall conform to the requirements of either ASTM E 747 or ISO 1027 wire IQI. The company shall define which type of IQI (ASTM or ISO) is to be used. The IQI shall be made of a material that is radiographically similar to the material being welded. 5 Selection of Image Quality Indicators (IQI) The IQI shall consist of either a series of six (6) wires for ASTM E747 wire type or a series of seven (7) wires for ISO wire type IQI, arranged in order of increasing diameter.
