By Alexander Kaufman
A standard interpretation holds that Kant's political conception easily constitutes an account of the limitations which cause areas at the state's authority to control exterior motion. Alexander Kaufman argues that this conventional interpretation succeeds neither as a loyal interpreting of Kant's texts nor as a believable, philosophically sound reconstruction of a `Kantian' political thought. fairly, he argues that Kant's political thought articulates a good perception of the state's position.
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Additional info for Welfare in the Kantian State
Sample text
The civil order ‘is so arranged’, Kant argues, ‘that we participate in public and general oppressions’. Acts on behalf of others are, therefore, ‘not . . an act of kindness and generosity, but . . a small return of what we have taken from him in virtue of the general arrangement’ (LE 27: 432). Moreover, ‘beneficence to others [is] a debt we owe’ because, ‘if men were strictly just, there might be no poor’ (LE 27: 455). These passages appear to adopt explicitly the view that certain social conditions within the state are inherently coercive.
Hayek appears to interpret Kant as imposing this sort of a burden of persuasion. Since, for Hayek, information constraints bar complete knowledge of the consequences of legislative acts, no social intervention can be grounded in a valid principle. If Kant is concerned only with the contingency of the principle, 36 Hayek's central claim, which he presents as a Kantian criticism of social welfare policy, is that: ‘the general welfare at which a government ought to aim cannot consist of the sum of particular satisfactions of the several individuals for the simple reason that neither those nor all the circumstances determining them can be known to government or to anybody else’ (Hayek 1976: 2).
In this subsection, my aim has been simply to establish that the indeterminacy arguments do not, in themselves, ground any definite and specific conclusions regarding the nature or possibility of a Kantian theory of social welfare. C. Coordination and the Mechanism of Nature Even if a proper understanding of the relation between the principles of natural law and positive law allows us to specify the institutional and legislative requirements necessary to ensure a rightful civil condition, Kant seems to present the task of realizing the positive ends of the doctrine of right as ‘a problem in political technology’ (Yovel 1980: 188) to be resolved through a process of ‘negative cooperation’ (Hoffe 1992: 133) in the pursuit of collective advantage (see TPP 112).
